Well-drilling machine



No Model.) 0.7mm.

WELL DRILLING MACHINE,

Patented May 9, 1882.

.Inl I IIIIIIDD DD Illfll 1.7V VENTOR W I TJV' ESSES v r I Attorneys N.PETERS. PQMo-Liibognphen Walhingtnn, D.C.

1 UNITED STATES.

PATENT ,OFFICEQ oscAaRUsr, on ST. JOSEPH, MISSOURI.

WELL-DRILLING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 257,767, dated May 9,1882.

Application filed February 7, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, OSCAR RUST, of St.Joseph, in the county of Buchanan and State of Missouri, have invented anew and useful Improvement in Well-Drillin g Machines, of which thefollowing is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being hadto the annexed drawings, forming part of this specification.

This invention relates to well-drilling machines in which the drill-rodis operated by an oscillating lever connected thereto by a rope; and theinvention consists in certain improvements relating to the constructionof the mast and the arrangement of the lever and its operating mechanismwith respect to each other,

together with certain other minor improvements, as will be hereinafterdescribed. 4

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is a side elevation of myimproved well-drilling machine. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same,reversed and partly in section, withthe top of the mast broken away.Fig. 3 is a plan view of the machine, with the mast and braces inhorizontal section; and Fig. 4 is a perspective detail of the lever,showing the improved shackle for holding the sheave.

In well-drilling machines of the class to which my invention belongs themechanism for operating the lever has heretofore been placed at the topof the supporting-frame,

. while the lever has been fulcrumed at the bottom of the frame in-suchmanner that its oscillation shall be above a horizontal plane. With thisconstruction an angle mustbe formed in the tumbling-rod to reach theshaft carrying the arm that oscillates the lever, and unnecessaryfriction is thus caused in the joints of the tumbling-rod. Besides, thelocation of the lever-operating mechanism at the top of the frame causesa vibration of the machine, which results in straining-and otherwiseweakening the frame. I therefore locate the shaft a of the drive-wheel bat the bottom of the frame A on a level with the fulcrum of the le ver0.

To accommodate the drive-wheel and theoscillation of the lever, Iexcavate the earth immediately underneath these parts, so as to form asuitable recess without interfering with the foundation upon which theframe rests.

The lever is thus adapted to oscillate above and below the plane of itsfulcrum, and owing to the shaft a being located at the center of thesweep of the lever less power will be required for driving the arm (Z onthe said shaft to oscillate the lever than when the said shaft islocated near the upper extreme limit of the sweep-that is to say, at thetop of the framebecause in the former case a shorter arm will suffice tooscillate the lever than in thelatter case. With this construction thepower is applied at the base of the machine with a straighttumbling-rod, by which the usual unsteadiness and vibration of the frameare avoided.

Thelever c, which is provided with a crosspiece at one end in the usualmanner, andjournalcd in suitable bearings in'opposite sides of theframe, is provided with a shackle, e, which is secured to its uppersurface at a point near the center for supporting the sheave f. Theshackle is constructed with an opening, 9, in one side, through whichthe rope which passes under the sheave may be removed at will for thepurpose of allowingthe rope to be wound evenly upon the drum h from thesheave 2' at the top of the mast B.

Heretofore no means have been provided for detaching the rope from thesheave on the lever; but it has been necessary to wind the rope on thedrum from this sheave, so that on account of the close proximity of thesheave to the drum the rope could not be wound evenly.

I am aware that a swiveled sheave has been used on thelever; but thiscannot secure the desired result so well as removing the rope from thesheave on theleverand allowing it to wind from the sheave i at the topof the mast.

The mast Bis located at one end of the frame A in line with thelongitudinal center thereof,

so that the lever c and operating-arm (Z shall lie in a verticalplanecutting the said center. The object of so arranging these parts isobvious, since even a slightly-lateral arrangement would tend to throwthe strain to one side of the frame, and thus prevent an equaldistribution of pressure upon the timbers.

To increase the strength of the mast, I construct it of two uprighttimbers, b b which are secured to opposite sides of intervening blocks barranged at suitable intervals apart.

' for receiving the sheaves; but such a construction tends to weaken themast, and, besides, two timbers put together in the manner describedwill form a much stronger mast than can be made of a single piece. Inthe top of this mast is journaled the sheave i, over which passes therope to which the drill j is secured. The opposite end of the rope iswound upon the drum h, which is provided with a ratchet and pawl, asusual, for holding the drum to prevent the rope from being unwound. Therope of course is to be let out as the depth of the well increases.

When it is desired to wind the rope upon the drumto withdraw the drillfrom the well the drum h is thrown into gear with the drivewheel I) bymeans of a lever, I, which moves a sliding pinion, m, having asprocket-wheel, a, connected therewith, and chained with a sprocket, 0,on the drum. By means of this pinion in being made to gear with thedrivewheel I) a rapid motion is given to the drum without multiplyingthe machinery to an unnecessary extent.

At a point near the fly-wheel p is located a second drum, q, having aWindlass, and provided with a shifting-lever, r, by which the flange ofthe drum shall be thrown into frictional contact with the side of thefly-wheel. In this manner the drum is operated to hoist the slush-bucketrapidly from the well without the use of the usual intermediate gearingfortconnecting the drum with the fly-wheel. Upon this drum is wound therope s, which passes over a sheave, t, in'the mast, and is connected tothe bucket a. By thus gearing the drum q with the fly-wheel the bucketmay be drawn up with great rapidity and the drum disengaged from thefly-wheel without stopping the motion of the machine.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, 1s-- 1. A well-drilling machine having thedriving-shaft located at the center of the are described by thedrill-operating lever, whereby the said lever shall be operated by theshortest arm possible on the driving-shaft, substantially as shown anddescribed, and for the purpose set forth.

2. A well-drilling machine having the driving-shaft located at the baseof the supporting-frame, and the fulcrum of the drill-operating lever ona horizontal level with the said shaft, whereby power shall be gained inthe operation of the lever by the arm on the said shaft, and the frameshall be rendered steady when the machine is in motion, substantially asset forth.

3. In a well-drilling machine, the combination, with the lever c, of anopen shackle, e, for supporting the sheave], substantially as shown anddescribed, whereby the rope may be removed from the sheave to allow itto be wound evenly on the drum, as set forth.

4. In a well-drilling machine, the mast composed of two vertical sidepieces placed nearly in juxtaposition with each other, and having spacesfor journaling the sheaves formed by intervening blocks inclosed betweenthe side pieces, substantially as shown and described, whereby thespaces shall be formed without mortising the mast, and the upper andlower sheaves shall be supported by the side pieces immediately at thesides thereof, as specified.

5. In a well-drilling machine, the combination, with the drum h,carrying the drill-rope, of the sliding pinion m, gearing directly withthe drive-wheel b, and connected with the drum, substantially as shownand described, whereby the drum shall be wound with increased rapidityin hoisting the drill from the well, as set forth.

6. In a well-drilling machine, the combina-'

